INTRODUCTION
Granular
materials rearrange their fabric in response to deformation, giving rise to
complex behaviour at a
macro scale. An important component in this complexity is particle breakage.
Even strong-grained geomaterials
are potentially crushable, but weak-grained soils such as weathered residual
soils, volcanic ash deposits, carbonate sands and some recycled materials, are
crushable at low stresses and correspondingly compressible. In line with
performance-based design criteria, accurate evaluation of their physical
characteristics is necessary when using these materials. There have been rapid
technological advances in image processing, accuracy of measuring systems and
high-speed computation all of which have enhanced research in geomaterials, with a special
emphasis on their particulate nature.
Re-examination
of geomaterials, which
consist of aggregates, from a microscopic point of view can shed light on our
understanding of significant macroscopic behaviour,
such as compressibility, anisotropy, yielding, creep, cyclic liquefaction and
shear rupture. In this process, new methods of material characterization should
emerge which may lead to greater confidence in the specification of a new
generation of constitutive models with physically meaningful parameters.
Invigorating this development is the new drive for sustainability leading to an
increased utilization of recycled materials for geotechnical applications.
Since the characteristics of recycled materials, such as compressibility and
self-hardening, may differ from those of natural materials, it is believed that
evaluation from a particulate perspective is indispensable.
This
symposium will provide the opportunity for an international exchange of ideas,
as well as serving to disseminate information regarding experiments, numerical
models and practical engineering problems related to material evaluation which
considers the particulate nature of geomaterials.